福岡県農業総合試験場研究報告

家畜ふん堆肥の成分的特徴
第１報　副資材と堆積場所の差違が乳牛および肉牛ふん堆肥の化学成分に及ぼす影響

［摘要］地力の維持増進を目的に投入される乳牛および肉牛ふん堆肥の化学成分を明らかにするため、福岡県内の牛ふんを材料とする堆肥を採取し、分析した。その結果、
１　オガクズ入り乳牛ふん堆肥に比ベオガクズ入り肉牛ふん堆肥は、リン酸含量が有意に高く、石灰含量が低くなる傾向を示した。これは飼料の成分に由来すると考えられた。また、敷料としてオガクズが多く混入するために炭素含量が高くなり、Ｃ／Ｎ比は24と高くなった。
２　モミガラ入り乳牛ふん堆肥は、オガクズ入り乳牛ふん堆肥に比べて、排汁によって含水率だけでなく、肥料成分が流亡して低い値を示したと推察される。
３　オガクズ入り牛ふん堆肥は、含水率が高く、ＥＣ、加里およびソーダ含量が低い屋外堆積堆肥が含まれていたために、化学成分が大幅にばらついた。
４　オガクズ入り牛ふん堆肥は、従来のものに比べ、加里含量が高くなる傾向がみられたが、これはふん尿を混合して処理する堆肥化施設が増加したためと推察された。
５　屋内で調製した標準的な乳牛および肉牛ふん堆肥を１ｔ施用した場合の加里量は９～10㎏と試算された。牛ふん堆肥を施用する場合、投入量に応じた加里を減肥する必要がある。

［キーワード：堆肥、乳牛、肉牛、オガクズ、モミガラ、化学成分］

　We analyzed the application of cattle feces compost for better soil management in Fukuoka prefecture with a view toward determining the chemical properties of compost attributable to different types of cattle and bulking agents. The results were as follows:(1)Phosphorus pentaoxide in beef cattle compost mixed with sawdust(A) was significantly higher than that of dairy cattle compost mixed with sawdust(B). On the other hand, calcium oxide in (A) tended to be lower than (B). These differences were probably due to the ingredients in the feed. The total carbon in (A) was higher than (B) because most of the bedding was made up of sawdust. As a result, the C/N ratio in (A) amounted to 24. (2)The moisture content and quality of the fertilizer properties in dairy cattle compost mixed with rice hulls(C), compared with (B), decreased due to drainage. (3)The range of difference in chemical properties between (A) and (B) was drastic because some of the droppings were piled outdoors during the maturing process. Not only was the moisture content of these droppings were higher, but the electric conductivity, potassium oxide and sodium oxide levels were also higher. (4)Potassium oxide in cattle compost mixed with sawdust tended to be higher than in the past. It seems that the reason for this increase coincides with the larger number of composting facilities in use that mix cattle feces and urine. (5)If 1 ton of the standard cattle compost maturing at indoor facilities were applied, then the potassium oxide content of fertilizer would be between 9 and 10kg. Thus, we recommend reducing the level of potassium oxide application of cattle compost.