福岡県農業総合試験場研究報告23 (2004) pp 88 - 92
牛ふん堆肥の成分調整およびエクストルーダによる成型化
小山 太*・福田憲和
牛ふん堆肥は肥料成分のバランスやハンドリングが悪いことから,不足する窒素を菜種油粕または尿素を混合することで補うとともに,エクストルーダを用いて成型化を試みた。
1.水分45%,全窒素1.8%,加里4.8%の牛ふん堆肥に菜種油粕または尿素を混合した場合,これらの混合率を変えることにより窒素含量を2.5〜6.0%に調整できる。
2.菜種油粕を10〜50%,また尿素を1〜5%を混合した成分調整堆肥はエクストルーダによる成型が可能で,ハンドリングが向上する。また,成型時の圧縮により,その容積が25%以上減少し,保管施設の効率的利用が期待できる。
3.成分調整堆肥を成型し,乾燥処理したものは水分20%前後で,尿素を5%混合した成分調整成型堆肥は成型,乾燥過程で窒素が22%消失したが,菜種油粕混合では窒素の消失はなく,30%混合した成分調整成型堆肥は窒素と加里含量がともに3%の有機質資材となる。
4.成分調整成型堆肥の資材費は,10kg当たり257〜305円,窒素含量から換算した窒素1kg当たり費用は791〜1,805円であり,成分調整成型堆肥は10kg当たり500円程度で流通する資材となる。
[キーワード:牛ふん堆肥,尿素,菜種油粕,成分調整, エクストルーダ,成型]
Cattle Manure Composts: Nitrogen Addition and Pelletizing by the Extruder. KOYAMA Futoshi and Norikazu FUKUDA (Fukuoka Agricultural Research Center, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8549, Japan) Bull. Fukuoka Agric. Res. Cent., 23:88 - 92 (2004)
Characteristics of cattle manure composts are imbalanced components cattle manure components and wrong handling. We tried to add meat from the canola seed oilresidue or urea into the manure composts to compensate for the lack of nitrogen. We also tried to pelletize it by the extruder.
1.Nitrogen content was adjusted to the range between 2.5 to 6.0% when various amount of canola residue or urea was added into the compost which contained water (45%), total nitrogen (1.8%) and potassium (4.8%).
2.The compost mixed with canola seed residue (10-50%) and urea (1-5%) could be pelletized by the extruder, and its handling was improved. Furthermore, the pelletization step reduced the volume of the compost by 25% or more, and was efficient for the storage.
3.Water content of pelletized and dried compost is about 20%. The nitrogen content of compost added with urea up to 5% reduced by 22% after pelletized and dried. When the compost was added with canola residue up to 30%, nitrogen content was not reduced, and the pelletized compost became a good organic material containing nitrogen (3%) and potassium (3%).
4. Material cost of the nitrogen additional-pelletized compost is 257-305 yen / 10 kg of pellet, and 791-1805 yen / kg of nitrogen. The market price of the nitrogen additional-pelletized compost will be about 500 yen /10 kg.
[Keywords: cattle manure, urea, nitrogen addition, extruder, pelletizing]
*連絡責任者(畜産環境部)