福岡県農業総合試験場研究報告22(2003) pp 103 - 106
エクストルーダによる家畜ふん堆肥の成型適性および成型能力
小山 太・高椋久次郎
（畜産研究所）
家畜ふん堆肥，特に水分の高い牛ふん堆肥を成型する目的で，F社製一軸混練式エクストルーダ（22kW）を用いた成型を試み， 成型適性，成型能力を調査した。その結果，
１．水分47〜51%のモミガラ入り乳牛ふん堆肥，モミガラ入り肉牛ふん堆肥，副資材を含まない水分35%の豚ふん堆肥および水分42〜43%の鶏ふん堆肥は成型できた。これにより，ハンドリングが向上し，流通促進が期待できる。
２．水分20〜60%のオガクズ入り乳牛ふん堆肥は，押し出し直後に膨らんで成型できなかった。
３．エクストルーダは，モミガラ入り乳牛ふん堆肥を最大546kg/hr，副資材を含まない豚ふん堆肥を最大785kg/hr成型できた。400〜500kg/hrの成型を1日4時間，年間250日行えば，年間400〜500tの成型堆肥が生産できる。
４．成型による容積の圧縮は，副資材を含まない豚ふん堆肥および鶏ふん堆肥ではほとんど認められないが，モミガラ入り乳牛ふん堆肥では成型前の80%まで圧縮した。これにより，製品の保管施設面積が削減でき，余剰施設に長期保管すれば季節による需要の変動にも対処できる。
[キ−ワ−ド：堆肥，成型，エクストルーダ，副資材，オガクズ，モミガラ]
The Applicability and Capability of the Extruder in Molding the Compost of Livestock Feces. KOYAMA Futoshi and Kyujirou TAKAMUKU (Fukuoka Agricultural Research Center, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8549, Japan) Bull. Fukuoka Agric. Res. Cent. 22: 103 - 106 (2003)
The following is the result of the trials to mold the compost of livestock feces into columned pellets using the 22 kW Extruder (made by F company: single screw type). Dairy cattle feces, especially the ones holding a high percentage of water, were examined for the applicablility and the capability of the Extruder.
1) Not only the compost of pig feces holding 35% water without any bulking agents and of poultry feces holding 42-43% water, but also the compost of dairy cattle and beef cattle feces holding 47-51% water and containing rice hull were success-fully molded. Therefore, by using the Extruder the handling of livestock feces would become much easier, which would enable swifter distribution and transportation of the feces.
2) The compost of dairy cattle feces holding 20-60% water and containing sawdust swelled up right after the extrusion, and these were not molded.
3) The Extruder's maximum molding amount was as follows.
･In dairy cattle feces containing rice hull, 546 kg per hour.
･In pig feces with no bulking agents, 785 kg per hour.
If we assume that 400-500 kg of compost is molded in an hour, it would be possible to mold 400-500 tons of compost per year with 4 hours molding process per day for 250 days.
4) Almost no decrease in volume was observed in the compost of pig feces with no bulking agents and in the compost of poultry feces. However, the volume of the com-post of dairy feces containing rice hull decreased to 80% of its original volume by the molding process. Therefore, the storage space for the compost could be reduced, and a long time preservation in the surplus spaces would meet seasonally variable demands.
[Key words: compost, molding into columned pellets, Extruder, bulking agents sawdust, rice hull]
