福岡県農業総合試験場研究報告

[摘要]破卵発生率と卵殻質測定項目の関係について、採卵鶏７銘柄を用いて銘柄別に調査した。供試鶏は、1993年では白色卵鶏のデカルブエクセルリンクＬ（ＤＸ）、ジュリア（ＪＵ）、スーパーニック（ＳＮ）、バイラインＷ－７７（Ｗ７７）及びシェーバーＮ２１（ＳＨＡ）、1996年では白色卵鶏のＤＸ、ＪＵ、ＳＮ、バイラインマリア（ＭＡ）及び淡褐色卵鶏のソニア（ＳＯ）とした。卵殻質測定項目は、1993年では卵殻強度、卵殻表面積当たりの卵殻重（ＳＷＵＳＡ）、卵殻比率及び卵殻厚、1996年では卵殻強度、ＳＷＵＳＡ、卵殻比率及び卵比重とした。1993年において破卵発生率と相関が有意であったのは、卵殻強度でＤＸ及びＳＮとなり、ＳＷＵＳＡでＤＸ，ＪＵ及びＷ７７、卵殻比率でＤＸ、JU及びＳＨＡ、卵殻厚でＤＸとなった。1996年においては、卵殻強度でＤＸ，ＪＵ及びＳＮ、卵殻比率でＪＵ，ＳＮ，ＭＡ及びＳＯ、卵比重でＤＸ、JU及びＳＮとなった。銘柄によって、破卵発生率と相関のある卵殻質測定項目は異なり、同一の銘柄でも年次によって異なった。以上の結果から，特定の卵殻質測定項目を銘柄に共通した破卵発生の指標とすることはできなかった。しかし、銘柄によっては、年次が異なっても相関が認められる共通の項目があり、その特定の項目は破卵発生の指標となり得ると考えられた。

　Relationship Between Various Methods of Measurement of Shell Quality and Percentage of Cracked Eggs in Several Commercial Strains of Hens. FUKUHARA Eriko and Masanobu TSURUSAKI (Fukuoka Agricultural Research Center, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8549, Japan)

　This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the percentage of cracked eggs and 5 methods of measurement of shell quality; breaking strength, shell weight per unit surface area(SWUSA), percentage of shell and shell thickness in a 1993 test, and breaking strength, SWUSA, percentage of shell and specific gravity in a 1996 test.

　Sample eggs were collected from 7 commercial strains; Dekalb XL-Link(DX), Julia(JU), Super-nick(SN), Hy-Line W-77(W77) and Shaver N21(SHA) in 1993, and DX, JU, SN, Hy-Line Maria(MA) and Sonia(SO) in 1996.

　For data from each strain in 1993, the correlation between the percentage of cracked eggs vs. breaking strength were significant in DX and SN, and vs. SWUSA were significant in DX, JU and W77, and vs. percentage of shell were significant in DX, JU and SHA, and vs. shell thickness were significant in DX. In 1996, the　correlation between the percentage of cracked eggs vs. breaking strength were significant in DX, JU and SN, and vs. percentage of shell were significant in JU, SN, MA and SO, and vs. specific gravity were significant in DX, JU and SN.

　The relationship between the percentage of cracked eggs and methods of measurements of shell quality was different in each strain. In identical strains,　the relationship was different in each year. Thus, specific methods of measurement of shell quality were not significantly correlated with the percentage of cracked eggs in all strains.

　However, it was considered that specific method of measurement could be used to estimate shell quality because it was significantly correlated with the percentage of cracked eggs in a specific strain.