福岡県農業総合試験場研究報告

イチゴ‘とよのか’の促成栽培における収穫終了株を活用した２芽苗の利用技術

[摘要]イチゴ栽培における親株管理の省略と年内収量の増加を目的に、収穫終了株のクラウンを利用した2芽苗の養成方法と促成栽培への適応性を明らかにした。収穫終了株の1芽当たり葉数を1～2枚、根長を2～5cmに調製して移植すると苗の生存株率が高かった。2芽苗の花芽分化は、夜冷短日処理によって促進され、1株中の2芽の花芽分化、出蕾、開花時期の差は小さかった。植付け時の株間は25～30㎝とし、株を20度程度傾斜させ、クラウンの基部が埋まる程度に深く植えると年内収量が多くなった。省力効果の高いマルチング後の定植は、慣行マルチングに比べて収量を低下させることはなかった。2芽苗を利用した促成栽培では、1果重は軽いが収穫果数が増し、年内収量が増加することが明らかになった。

［キーワード：イチゴ、クラウン、２芽苗、促成栽培、年内収量］

　Utilization of Two Buds Nursery Plants Originating from Post-Harvest Stocks in Forcing Culture of ‘TOYONOKA' Strawberries. MITSUI Hisakazu, Hajime FUSHIHARA (Fukuoka Agricultural Research Center, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8549, Japan) Bull. Fukuoka Agric. Res. Cent., 18: 52 - 57 (1999)

　In order to save the management work on mother plants and to increase the yield within the year, the raising method of nursery plants with two buds originating from the crown of post-harvest stocks and their adaptability to forcing culture were investigated. When post-harvest stocks were potted with one or two leaves per bud and with a root length of 2-5cm, the viability of nursery plants with two buds was higher. Flower bud differentiation　was accelerated during short days with low temperature treatment. Flower bud differentiation, flower bud emergence and flowering nearly coincided in the two buds of a stock. When nursery plants with two buds were planted at the base of the crown depth, slanted and spaced 25-30cm apart, the yield was stabilized. Mulching before planting had no detrimental influence on the yield. The average fruit weight was reduced while the number of berries increased, so the yield within the year increased.